Writing essay on volcanic phenomena Research Paper

Writing essay on volcanic phenomena - Research Paper Example However, it is better not to stay close, because lava emits poisonous gases. Notwithstanding that lava flows makes no loud sound, its emitting of poisonous gases can be hazardous for human health. Moreover, it is better to know and prevent potential damages caused by lava. These are two properties that are usually taken into account: viscosity, and gases (Rowland). Viscosity represents a concept that explains lava’s fluidity. When the fluidity is high, lava cover large distances and is considered to be very dangerous. Such lavas can stop flowing only when they become cool and consequently solid and this process takes time. According to Nagata, â€Å"The variation in electric conductivity with temperature is expected to be closely related to that of the viscosity of the lava, as in the case of viscous glass, in which, as is known empirically, the reciprocal of the ionic conductivity caries linearly with the coefficient of viscosity† (Nagata, p2). Temperature of lava is high. It is 1,250 ° Celsius (Rowland) in Hawaiian volcanoes, but generally, lava temperature can reach 750 ° Celsius. Therefore it is desirable to be as far as possible from lava flow. Nevertheless safe distance depends on activity of lava flow and direction of the wind but this distance preferably shouldn’t exceed 10 m (Riley). Lava is dangerous not only for humans, but also for everything around. Lava flow can surely damage some surrounding objects. Fortunately, concrete and iron can resist it. It can be explained as follows: Irons melting point is 2750 °F in comparison to lava’s melting point 1300-2400 °F. Furthermore lava can’t melt steel like other metals, dirt and rocks (Lava). It’s worth remembering that lava moves not very fast and it is possible for people to outrun it. For example, hot Hawaiian lava flows about a few meters per minute while cool lavas flows only a few meters a day (Lava). But it is as well necessary to know that lava

Demand and supply for DUREX in Austria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Demand and supply for DUREX in Austria - Essay Example Condoms play a very important role in preventing Human Immune Virus (HIV) transmission. According to the United States Agency for international development, current world supply and demand of condoms is too low to significantly impact on the pandemic. Many health practitioners and academics have argued that, condoms are the world most promising technology to prevent the transmission of HIV. This paper examines the demand and supply of condoms in Austria. In this paper, emphasis is placed on those factors affecting the supply and demand of condoms in Austria. Supply and demand of condoms in Austria can analyzed using the basic supply and demand diagram. This model is an economic model based on price and quantity in a market (Humphrey 1992). In this mode, Economists believe that in a competitive market, price will function to equalize the quantity demanded by consumers, and the quantity supplied by producers, resulting in an economic equilibrium of price and quantity (tutor2u 2008). The role of social marketers in the demand and supply of condoms in this area should not be neglected. ... Social marketers here refer to charitable organization, social groups all preaching and cautioning the population of the need to be more health conscious. Their role can affect the demand and supply of condoms in Austria both negatively and positively. For example, where they emphasize zero sex before marriage, abstinence, one man one partner, the demand of condom will be affected negatively. But where their message is instead directed at the use of safe sex, the demand of condom in Austria will increase as shown in figure one above. That is demand will increase from DD to DD1 while supply remains constant as SS. Here, prices will increase in the short run should supply remain constant. 1.1.2Private Sector Distributors In Austria like in many other European countries, the private sector is very active in the distribution of condoms especially within some educational and social institutions where the Durex condoms are distributed for free. In this regard the health awareness level of HIV will increase and the population will be more willing to use condoms but however in the absence of these the demand of condoms within Austria will fall due to the low health awareness level with respect to HIV prevention. 1.1.3 Other Donor Resources At the international arena, the role of the donors in the health awareness campaign for HIV prevention should not be neglected. All things being equal, an increase in donors resources for the campaign against HIV will increase the supply of condoms and consequently reduce the price for condoms in most countries including Austrria. An increase in the production of donor's sponsored Durex condom production will consequently reduce the price and increase the demand of Durex condoms in the